Odum GA Sales Tax:
What Businesses Must Know

Sales tax range in Georgia

In Georgia in 2024, the Georgia state sales tax remains at 4%, consistent with previous years, but don't overlook the sales tax Georgia complexities involving local levies. Local jurisdictions, which include counties and municipalities, have the authority to levy additional local sales taxes, making it essential to know what is the sales tax in Georgia for each area. The total sales tax rate varies across different areas within the state, leading many to ask what is the sales tax in Georgia for their specific location. In 2024, the combined state and local sales tax rates range from 6% to 8%.

• In Atlanta, the total sales tax rate, often referred to as the Atlanta GA sales tax, is 8% in 2024, unchanged from 2023.
• In Savannah, the total sales tax rate is 7% in 2024, the same rate as in 2023.
• In Augusta, the total sales tax rate remains at 7% in 2024, no change from 2023.
• In Columbus, the total sales tax rate is also static at 7% in 2024.
• Smaller municipalities and unincorporated areas typically have rates ranging from 6% to 7% in both 2024 and 2023.

Calculating Georgia sales tax

Determine Taxable Amount: Identify the item or service being sold. Calculate the total sales amount before tax.

Identify Applicable State Sales Tax Rate: The state of Georgia has a base sales tax rate of 4%.

Identify Local Sales Tax Rates: Local counties and municipalities can impose additional sales taxes. For instance, with the Georgia sales tax rate and additional local rates, the Atlanta sales tax can reach up to 8%. Rates vary by location, typically ranging between 2% to 4%.

Combine State and Local Sales Tax Rates: Add the state rate (4%) to the applicable local rate. Example: If the local rate is 3%, the total sales tax rate is 7%.

Calculate Total Sales Tax: Multiply the taxable amount by the combined tax rate. Example: $100 sale with a 7% tax rate results in a $7 sales tax.

Special Considerations for E-Commerce: E-commerce transactions are subject to the same combined state and local tax rates. Online sellers must determine the buyer's location to apply the correct local tax rate.

Special Considerations for SaaS (Software as a Service): SaaS is typically subject to Georgia’s sales tax. The total rate includes both state and relevant local taxes.

Special Considerations for Services: Most services are exempt from Georgia sales tax. Check specific service categories for exceptions where sales tax may apply.

Accounting for Tax-Exempt Items: Identify any exemptions related to specific items or services. Deduct exempt amounts before calculating the sales tax.

Rounding Rules: Georgia requires rounding off the tax amount to the nearest penny.

Recent changes to Georgia sales tax

Understanding sales tax in Georgia is essential for both residents and businesses operating in the state. The base sales tax in GA is 4%, which is imposed by the state on most goods and services. However, the total sales tax GA consumers pay can be higher due to additional local sales taxes imposed by counties and municipalities, which can vary across the state. These local taxes can add up to an additional 4%, meaning the total sale tax GA could reach up to 8% in some areas. It's important for shoppers to be aware of the total sales tax rate in their location, and for businesses to ensure they are correctly applying the sales tax Georgia rates to all transactions.

In 2024, Georgia implemented several changes to its sales tax policies compared to 2023. Here are the key updates:

Sales Tax Rate Increase: In 2024, Georgia's state sales tax rate increased from 4% to 4.5%, effective January 1, 2024. This adjustment was made to generate additional revenue for statewide infrastructure projects. In 2023, the standard state sales tax rate remained at 4%.

Expansion of Taxable Goods and Services: Beginning March 1, 2024, Georgia expanded the list of taxable goods and services. New taxable items now include digital goods and subscription services. In 2023, digital goods such as e-books, streaming services, and software subscriptions were exempt from sales tax.

Local Sales Tax Adjustments: Several counties in Georgia opted to adjust their local sales tax rates to support local projects and improve public services. For instance, Fulton County increased its local sales tax rate from 3% in 2023 to 3.5% starting April 1, 2024.

Revised Exemptions and Reductions: As of July 1, 2024, Georgia revised certain tax exemptions. For instance, the sales tax exemption on certain agricultural equipment, which stood at 100% in 2023, is now reduced to 75%.

Remote Sales and Marketplace Facilitators: Effective January 1, 2024, updated regulations require remote sellers and marketplace facilitators to collect and remit sales tax if they exceed $100,000 in gross revenue or 200 transactions in Georgia. This is a change from the 2023 threshold of $250,000 or 300 transactions.

Understanding origin vs. destination sales tax collection

Georgia is considered an origin-based sales tax state. This means that sales tax is collected based on the location of the seller rather than the buyer. When a seller in Georgia sells to a customer in Georgia, the sales tax rate is determined by the location of the seller.

For more detailed information about Georgia's sales tax regulations, you can visit the Georgia Department of Revenue's website at https://dor.georgia.gov/.

Taxable products in Georgia

In the state of Georgia, sales tax applies to a wide range of products and services. Here are the primary categories that generally incur sales tax:

Tangible Personal Property

Clothing and Apparel: Most clothing and footwear items are taxable. There are occasional tax-free holidays for specific items.

Electronics: Items such as computers, televisions, smartphones, and other electronic gadgets.

Furniture and Appliances: Household furniture, kitchen appliances, and other large household items.

Vehicle Sales: Both new and used car sales generally incur sales tax.

Stationery and Office Supplies: Items like pens, paper, office equipment, and school supplies.

Food and Beverages

Prepared Food: Food sold at restaurants, fast food joints, and catered events.

Certain Groceries: While many groceries are exempt, some items such as candy, soda, and prepared foods are taxable.

Health and Personal Care

Cosmetics and Beauty Products: Makeup, skincare items, and other personal care products.

Hygiene Products: Items such as shampoo, soap, toothpaste, etc.

Entertainment and Recreation

Event Tickets: Concerts, theater performances, sports events, etc.

Recreational Equipment: Items like sports gear, musical instruments, and camping equipment.

Home Improvement and Repair Supplies

Building Materials: Lumber, paint, nails, and other construction materials.

Tools: Hand tools, power tools, and other DIY equipment.

Digital and Subscription Services

Digital Goods: E-books, music downloads, and other digital media.

Streaming Services: Subscriptions to video and music streaming services.

Miscellaneous

Luxury Items: Jewelry, watches, and other high-end items.

Pet Products: Pet food, grooming supplies, and accessories.

Exemptions and Special Cases

Medications: Both prescription and many over-the-counter medications are often exempt.

Certain Groceries: Basic food items not intended for immediate consumption (like raw vegetables, meats, and bread).

Is SaaS taxable in Georgia?

In Georgia, Software as a Service (SaaS) is generally considered non-taxable.

The state does not classify SaaS as tangible personal property or a taxable service, meaning businesses typically do not have to collect sales tax on SaaS transactions. However, specific scenarios and applications may vary.

Are digital products taxable in Georgia?

In Georgia, starting from 2024, digital products such as e-books, music downloads, and streaming services are subject to sales tax.

This includes any electronically delivered content. The taxation applies to both one-time purchases and subscription-based services, aligning with the state's existing sales tax framework for tangible personal property.

Are services taxable in Georgia?

In Georgia, the majority of services are not subject to sales tax.

However, certain services, particularly those related to tangible personal property, such as repair, maintenance, or installation, may be taxable. Always check specific regulations to determine the tax status of a particular service.

Physical nexus

Physical nexus definitions and requirements for Georgia's sales tax remain consistent from 2023 to 2024. Key points and changes compared to 2023 are as follows:

Physical Presence Threshold: The requirement that a seller must have a physical presence, such as an office or warehouse, in Georgia to establish a nexus remains the same in 2024. No changes from 2023.

Tangible Personal Property: Handling or owning tangible personal property in Georgia continues to establish nexus. Consistent with 2023 regulations.

Employee and Contractor Presence: Employing workers or hiring contractors who operate in Georgia maintains nexus rules, unchanged from 2023.

Inventory Storage: Storing inventory in Georgia requires sellers to comply with sales tax obligations, similar to 2023 regulations.

Office and Property Rentals: Leasing or renting office space or property in Georgia continues to create a sales tax nexus. Criteria unchanged from 2023.

Trade Show Participation: Participation in trade shows or temporary business activities in Georgia potentially creates nexus. Maintains the same standards as in 2023.

Delivery Vehicles: Using company vehicles for deliveries within Georgia consistently establishes a nexus, mirroring 2023 provisions.

Economic nexus

In 2024, Georgia's economic nexus provisions for sales tax remain critical for remote sellers. These rules aim to capture tax revenue from out-of-state sellers who conduct substantial sales within the state, compelling them to register, collect, and remit sales tax.

In essence, the core elements of Georgia’s economic nexus rules for 2024 remain consistent with those in 2023.

Threshold Criteria

In 2023, Georgia's economic nexus threshold was set at $100,000 in gross revenue from sales or 200 separate transactions in a 12-month period. For 2024, this threshold remains unchanged at $100,000 in gross revenue or 200 separate transactions, ensuring continuity and consistency for remote sellers.

Look-Back Period

For 2023, the look-back period to determine if a seller met the nexus thresholds was the previous 12-month period. In 2024, the look-back period criteria continue to apply similarly, examining the immediate past 12 months to ascertain threshold compliance.

Marketplace Facilitator Rules

In 2023, marketplace facilitators were required to collect and remit sales tax if they facilitated sales exceeding the nexus threshold. In 2024, the obligation for marketplace facilitators remains consistent with the prior year, ensuring these entities continue to bear responsibility for tax compliance on behalf of their sellers.

Enforcement and Compliance

In 2023, Georgia's Department of Revenue enforced economic nexus rules with a focus on education and compliance assistance. By 2024, enforcement practices evolve to include more robust data analysis and technology-driven oversight, aimed at identifying non-compliant sellers and facilitating tax collection.

Legislative Developments

Any legislative updates affecting economic nexus in 2023 addressed technical clarifications and enforcement strategies. In 2024, Georgia anticipates no substantial legislative changes but continues monitoring federal guidelines and other states' practices to adapt promptly if required.

Sales tax exemption certificates

In Georgia, a sales tax exemption certificate allows qualified entities to purchase goods and services without paying sales tax.

To receive an exemption, buyers must fill out and present the appropriate exemption certificate to sellers at the time of purchase.

Qualified entities often include government agencies, nonprofits, and certain businesses engaged in manufacturing.

The certificate must include specific details such as the buyer's name and address, the seller's information, and a declaration of the reason for the exemption. Sellers are required to retain these certificates to substantiate the exempt status during state audits.

Improper use or fraudulent claims of tax exemption can result in penalties.

Sales tax discounts and incentives

In 2024, Georgia continues to provide several sales tax incentives and discounts aimed at fostering business growth and economic development. Key programs include:

Sales Tax Exemptions

Manufacturing Machinery and Equipment: Businesses involved in manufacturing can benefit from sales tax exemptions on the purchase of machinery and equipment used in the production process.

Agricultural Machinery and Equipment: Farmers and agribusinesses can receive sales tax exemptions for various agricultural equipment and machinery.

Energy Used in Manufacturing: Energy used in the manufacturing process is often exempt from sales tax, helping to reduce operational costs for manufacturers.

Enterprise Zones

Businesses located in designated enterprise zones can qualify for sales tax abatements on the purchase of goods and services, aimed at stimulating economic development in these areas.

Sales Tax Holiday

At certain times during the year, Georgia may offer sales tax holidays where specific items such as back-to-school supplies or energy-efficient appliances are exempt from sales tax, benefiting businesses that sell these items.

Tax Credits for Job Creation

Companies that create new jobs in Georgia might be eligible for sales tax credits, significantly reducing the tax burden and encouraging employment growth.

Research and Development Tax Credit

Businesses engaging in qualified research and development activities can receive tax credits that can be applied against their sales tax liabilities, incentivizing innovation and technological advancement.

State tax holidays in Georgia for 2024

Sales tax holidays are temporary periods when specific items are exempt from state sales tax, encouraging consumer spending.

Georgia does not have any scheduled sales tax holidays for 2024.